A Futuristic Family Thriller:
 A Text Analysis on the Veldt by Ray Bradbury
Focused on Character and Tone

By: Didimus Estanto T. 
Sanata Dharma University 

A.   Introduction
Family is the situation that supposed to be warm.  Futuristic and technology are also supposed to be something bright and enlighten, but Ray Bradbury delivers a very dreadfully short story about both of them. He brings the idea of thriller on the condition that supposed to be warn and enlighten. This is such a great short story bringing the new sensation of thriller. This is a futuristic family thriller short story. This is the text analysis which focused on character and tone.
B.    Characterization
There are four major characters and a minor character in this story. The writer also can say that there are two protagonist and two antagonist characters. There are George Hadley as a father, Lydia Hadley as a mother and Peter and Wendy as their children. The last character which also the minor character is David McClean as a psychologist and consider as George’s friend.
Characterization of the characters:
1.       Father
The father is George Hadley. Mostly the descriptions of him is taken by his conversation with his wife, children and friend. As a husband, he is a highly noticing husband by the way he tread his wife.  "All right, let's have a look." That’s the way he responses his wife’s will. As a head of family, he is such a wise and distinct father. It is showed by the punishment that he gave to the children: "You know how difficult Peter is about that. When I punished him a month ago by locking the nursery for even a few hours  the tantrum he threw! And Wendy too. They live for the nursery." The wise side is showed when he considering the good of his family: “Too much of anything isn't good for anyone” and when he considers to go on vacation: “ Perhaps they needed a little vacation from the fantasy which was growing a bit too real for ten-year-old children”. Beside those things, the author describes the father in some many ways. He gave the way he think, the way he talk, the way he solve the problem, the way he  is looked in front of his children. It derives the idea that the father is type of a common good father which is trying to relive his family. The way he solve the psychotic problem is a significant part which build this story a lot.
2.       Mother
The mother is Lydia Hadley. She is describe as a very noticing mother with a lot of anxiety and love for her family. The expressions like   "Oh, George!" and "George, I wish you'd look at the nursery" show that he is a loving wife. She is also an anxiety mother by worrying so much thing such as the children and the stuff that she cannot do. It is proven by "I just want you to look at it, is all, or call a psychologist in to look at it"  and  “Can I compete with an African veldt? Can I give a bath and scrub the children as efficiently or quickly as the automatic scrub bath can? I cannot.” Besides the conversations, the author does not really describe Lydia’s quality. Personal thinking is she is just the trigger which lead the husband realize the situation and make an action.
3.       Children
The children are Peter and Wendy Hadley. Both of them are described as a rounded characters because of their age is 10 (one of them and the other is younger). They are a good child. It is showed up when they greet their parent nicely and accompany them in dinner table “Hello, Mom. Hello, Dad." They are addicted to the nursery room so much even worse, the Psychologist said. “This room is their mother and father, far more important in their lives than their real parents”. In the middle of the story, their character change because of the consideration for shutting the nursery room down. They turn to very cruel and snivel for asking for the opposite. "Don't let Father kill everything.", "Oh, I hate you!", "I wish you were dead!", “Wendy was still crying and Peter joined her again. ‘Just a moment, just one moment, just another moment of nursery,’ they wailed.” At the end of the story, they show up as a bad person who kill their own parents. The author used the highly cruel word in the children’s conversation, in the purpose that readers can see how bad the effect of the psychological disorder happened to the children like ‘death’, ‘killing’, ‘blood’. The author does not really describe the quality directly but he shows it by showing the action that those children do. It means that they are still children which losing their control, lacking of control and do not really think about what they are doing. They just do what is something that they thing good or want to do.
4.       Psychologist
The psychologist is David McClean. He is a friendly and noticing friend of George. He is the one who suggested George to start the real life. It is proven its expert on psychology while he describe the situation: "Can't say I did; the usual violences, a tendency toward a slight paranoia here or there, usual in children because they feel persecuted by parents constantly, but, oh, really nothing." Beside it as a friend, he also suggest George to take his family on vacation and help him to do it: “And then we're going on a vacation. David McClean is coming back in half an hour to help us move out and get to the airport.” Beside  those conversations, the author does not really expose David’s quality. There is just an indicates that he is close to the George by their expression which used like: "Am I on time?", "Thanks, had some. What's the trouble?” and his knowledge: "My dear George, a psychologist never saw a fact in his life. He only hears about feelings; vague things. This doesn't feel good, I tell you. Trust my hunches and my instincts. I have a nose for something bad. This is very bad. My advice to you is to have the whole damn room torn down and your children brought to me every day during the next year for treatment."
C.        Tone
Family is the situation that supposed to be warm.  It is the setting of this story. Happylife Home is the name of the house, which means the house full of high technology machine that will help the owner do everything they want. Those things supposed to lead readers to the lovable situation, but there is a murder in this short story. The tension is highly tight. The author uses the simple present tense to build the sensation of immediate situations flew in the story. The plot is so tight, by keep giving the feeling of anxiety. The author success gives the impression of the dreadful high technology machine. The characters are common, a little family, but the way they live is definitely different. The family which is losing a control of their children, addicting to technology and finally killing the parent are the guidelines of this story. The dictions also influence, the using of the words killing, blood, death, room, vulture and prey  indicate that there is a thriller. The fact that the children hate the parents (father) and kill them indicate that there is an irony. Readers are afraid and anxious while read this short story, it means  that Ray Bradbury with all the character, setting, atmosphere and diction is success in bringing the idea of thriller and irony in this short story.

D.        Conclusion and Writer’s Opinion

This is a very great tragedy short story. The writer does feel tense and a little bit afraid while  reading this horror masterpiece. Ray Bradbury is definitely genius in arranging this short story by making it as real as possible. It feels like this is a kind of futuristic family thriller. There is a nursery room, the place which catch all of our mind and show them up to us looks like a dreadfully impossible for people in this era. Family is the core of this short story. The setting of the family with the ten years old children play around with only their futuristic machine, it seems cruel and not living family. The sense of loving and work together is none there. They are dying in the word of being served in that house. The core of being family is having each other with love by helping and carrying each other, but it does not really show up in this family. That is why writer says this is not a real family, they just the person in same blood who live above the same roof.  Thriller is a kind of high tense story with a tragedy in the end. This story goes with a dreadfully high tension in all part of it. Since the beginning, the main theme is an anxiety and it keeps going through until the end of the story. The using of the present tense is also very influence the whole tension of this short story. It make readers feel in the exact time while they read the story following each tension. By leading readers in the exact time like in the story goes, the author hold the suspense goes high and down in every part. Ray Bradbury surely success make this as one of the best thriller short story. 





Pertiwi Mental Revolution

Didimus Estanto T
Universitas Sanata Dharma
(Dimuat di Majalah Aquinas Edidi III)

Indonesia is a historian country. There are some many stories about the great kingdom in the area of nusantara (Indonesia/nation with some many islands) such as Majapahit, Sriwijaya, Demak, Kutai and so on. The stories prove that Indonesia has a DNA to become a great nation. When the time passed by, everything changes. Everything changes so fast; the time goes in the speed of light and leave the greatness behind. Indonesia seems like an old car which try to chase the time. Indonesia is leaved so far behind from the growth of the entire world. Therefore, Indonesia now really needs a mental revolution, to chase after the world. This nation needs the revolution to get its greatness of its ancient back.
Collapse of Mentality
The story of Indonesia starts on the era of Kutai. It is the first great kingdom in Indonesia according to the historian records. After that, there are also some great kingdoms which existed in the area of nusantara until the era of Nederland Indie, Japan and the independent of Indonesia. This nation is built by the spirit of great nation like their ancient do, but a long pain of colonialism slowly erase that story of greatness. The mentality of being great is almost disappear. Indonesia was being tortured in extremely bad way in the 353 years era of colonialism and it definitely swallowed the core of their spirit, hope. Losing the mentality of the greatness looks like the end of this nation in that time. We can easily see the collapse of Indonesia. Nation is form by the spirit and body. Indonesia has a body which being used by Nederland Indie’s colonialist but has no spirit of being great anymore. Lacking the army and technology make Indonesia cannot defeat Nederland Indie’s colonialist. They were lost again and again. This nation lost the very important part of the nation in that time, mentality for being great.
The Changing Period
The rising of Indonesian mentality came after the existence of Bumiperta (Indonesian first nationalism concept by the intellectual). The concept come to the action and some politic events happened around the world and Indonesia as a freedom nation finally exist. There was an Indonesia as a body of nation, but the pain of being colonialize still in their blood. Soekarno-Hatta, the first captain of Indonesia derived the idea that Indonesia deserves for freedom and it is the right of every human being. That was a great start as a nation. They brought back the mentality of becoming a great nation, hope for greatness. That was how people see in the beginning of this nation. The second captain Soeharto, with his 33 years of authoritarian regime brought the huge impact in Indonesian development. He delivered the labor mental for this country, huge and strong economic. The nation mental problem of KKN Korupsi Kolusi dan Nepotisme (corruption, collusion and nepotism) is a dominant legacy which this era left. The heirs of the throne, Habibie had to fix some many problems in that time. The problem of Chinese race, East Timor, currency and rebellion become a national problem which drag the mentality of Indonesia, again. From that moment on, the feeling of great nation also become a doubtful belief. It feels like, it was just a story that Indonesia could become a great country. The problem of the unemployed, poverty, gas price, corruption, nation security keep coming along the time until now. What should Indonesia do to lift the spirit up? It is a mentality that always becoming a core of spirit to lift this nation up. History recorded the scene of changing mood of Indonesian mentality.
Do Indonesia need a mental revolution?
 Revolution is an instance of revolving of a government or social order or simply present a new paradigm/system in society. Mental revolution in Indonesia is not present a new paradigm, but just reapply the mentality of a great nation. Indonesia was great, why do not make it happen again? Mental revolution is a vision of a better Indonesia, is the hope that this nation is a great nation like the ancient’s legacy. Belief is not enough of course, but it starts everything. This concept try to encourage people that everything which happen coming from heart, everything that hands do coming from what we believe. Indonesian people have to believe that they are a great nation since beginning so they can do great also to the future. Indonesia needs to chase this fact of having fallen behind fast. There is no more time, there is no more hesitation, and Indonesia has to change its mentality now.

Ibu Pertiwi is a slogan unitized the whole nusantara. She is the represent mother of the whole Indonesia since the Kutai to the Jokowi now, from the history to the present. There so much pain, happiness, losing, victory in the way to becoming Indonesia until this stage. Indonesia needs a mental revolution to revive people that Indonesia is a great nation. Indonesia was good, Indonesia is good and Indonesia will good, that is what Indonesian people have to put in their heart. Indonesia may lose, but the spirit of greatness is about how you start it again until the victory. What has become a legacy let it stay in that way. This is the new generation’s chance to make a legacy to the future generation. Bringing the new mentality, the spirit of becoming a great nation, let revolve the mentality.




Is Multiculturalism Important? Oh Indonesia

By: Didimus Estanto T/
Universitas Sanata Dharma

Indonesia Raya is an exclamation of the  spirit of freedom which sang by our founding fathers. It was a dream, a purpose and the ultimate goal of Nederlandsh Indie’s colonization. Becoming a colonize nation, Nederlandsh Indie (old name of Indonesia) feel the very long pain of being a slave. Indonesia Raya was fought by some many different cultures pursuing the freedom. Some many cultures make Indonesia ruled by some invisible intension of each culture which raise the people up. People know culture first, live in culture and know nation after, feel nation after (Pragiwaksoso, 2012:34). It is simply said that multiculturalism makes Indonesia have no pure Nationalism.

What is multiculturalism in Indonesia? The history of multiculturalism in Indonesia had begun in era of Nederlandsh Indie’s colonialism, the time of Kingdom of Holland rule the area called Nusantara. This area they named as Nederlandsh Indie which means the area around India which belong to them. The first categorization began in 1925 with the  Volkenkaart van Nederlandsh Indie paper (Sutjipto, 1975:82). The paper classified people with the certain area by their certain commodity. The ruler appoint a person to be a leader for making them easy to coordinate. It grew into culture and society until now. In general, the idea of multiculturalism is related to the idea of equality. It is the concept of a same right. Indonesian people believe that multiculturalism is the equality of diversity (Budiman, 2007:21). In Indonesia, multiculturalism means live together with people which is different one to another. Staying in the same nation with the same right with some many culture is the real meaning of multiculturalism in Indonesia.

The multiculturalism in Indonesia is elusive. Multiculturalism is just a concept of society which applied with no argue. It is like everybody just accept it as what it is. Since it just a concept, it means that it is just an idea and it is not real. Multiculturalism is the way to face the diversity. Diversity is the real form of multiculturalism which we face, but multiculturalism is just one concept to face the diversity. The power of multiculturalism is the same right (Hefner, 2011:43). The same right which we have to accept, honor and respect others right. Since there is no standard of accepting, honoring and respecting others, the multiculturalism is elusive.  There might happen the chaos in society when they have the different concept to face the society. One thing that people have to remember that Indonesia is differ one to another. Multiculturalism, the diversity of culture make people have different intent related to their own culture. Basically, people are afraid for being different.

Multiculturalism in Indonesia is a gift or a disaster. Starting with the same feeling, same pain and same nation as a colonized nation, Indonesian people come to decision to fight back again the colonizer. It was the beginning of the bond Sumatra (men from Sumatra), bond java (men from Java), bond Kalimantan (men from Borneo) and there are lots of men from many places from Nederlandsh Indie gathering together to get their freedom back. History record that there are three reasons why Indonesia is form. There are the same feeling of the pain of 350 years colonization, the need of being free as a free human and the condition that they cannot fight partially against the colonizer (Sutjipto, 1975:178).  Reflecting on those facts, Indonesia was built by some many cultures. Indonesia is designed by some many different people which have different intension patterned by their culture also. Since Indonesia is no longer colonized nation, it easy to say that Indonesia is no longer need Indonesia Raya because the three reason why Indonesia Raya existed are no longer available. It is impossible to rule the nation with some many cultural intensions because Indonesia is basically different and the purpose is also will be different. So it does not really clear that multiculturalism in Indonesia is a gift or disaster. Is it a good thing or bad thing?

Indonesia had been different since the beginning and it will exist that way. Nationalism is an absolute requirement to build a nation and to keep it alive. Multiculturalism might be elusive but it is real by accepting, honoring and respecting it as its ancient way. Multiculturalism is a gift not a disaster because that is one of the reasons why Indonesia exist. People do not have to argue about it since multiculturalism is Indonesia itself. Indonesia is different, Indonesia is multiculturalism, people have to accept it that way. Our founding fathers have already chosen this way to live the Indonesia. The purpose of Indonesia Raya is still ongoing process placed on us, the next generation. Multiculturalism is still needed to bring Indonesia to be Indonesia Raya.

References
Budiman, Hikmat. Hak Minoritas: Dilema Multikulturalisme di Indonesia. Jakarta: The Interseksi Foundation, 2007.
Hefner, Robert W. Politik Multukulturalisme: Menggugat Realitas Kebangsaan. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2011.
Pragiwaksoso, Pandji. Nasionalisme: Kenali Indonesiamu, Temukan Passionmu, Berkaryalah untuk Masa Depan Bangsamu. Yogyakarta: Bentang, 2012.
Sutjipto, F. A. Sejarah Nasional Indonesia IV: Indonesia Abad 18 dan 19. Yogyakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 1975.







SUNMOR, Wisata Teduh Minggu Pagi 

Oleh: Didimus Estanto T.

Pasar  Mingguan SunMor (Sunday Morning) adalah pasar mingguan yang berisi jajanan, pakaian, tempat makan, perkakas rumah tangga dan berbagai barang keperluan lainnya. SunMor kian kemari menjadi salah satu tujuan wisata minggu pagi di Yogyakarta. Biasanya pasar mingguan ini buka mulai jam tujuh pagi sampai sekitar tengah hari jam sebelas hingga duabelas. SunMor belokasi di sekitar Fakultas pertanian dan perikanan Universitas Gajah Mada Yogyakarta.bagi sahabat yang ingin berkunjung untuk berbelanja, menikmati jajanan, melihat buku-buku dan berbagai perkakas dengan harga yang terjangkau, SunMor merupakan salah satu pilihan yang baik (terlebih untuk para mahasiswa ) atau juga untuk para sahabat yang hanya ingin jalan-jalan dan menghabiskan waktu minggu paginya. SunMor menawarkan wisata minggu pagi yang teduh dan sangat ramah.

Berikut beberapa foto tentang SunMor























MARI MENCINTA, MELAYANI
(Refleksi Ringkat Pekan Suci 2016)
Oleh: Didimus Estanto T.

Kehidupan sejatinya merupakan  suatu petualangan yang terus mendaki. Kisah setapak demi setapak yang menuntun kita dari ketidaktahuan menuju ketercerahan. Sebuah napak tilas gelap menuju terang, keadaan tak bernafas, jantung mulai berdegub hingga ke keadaan tak bernafas lagi dengan jantung terlelap. Kisah kematian menuju kebangkitan secara sempurna adalah Kristus. Dia bukan hanya melaluinya, namun itu adalah Dia. Hidup adalah kata bermakna ganda, yang berarti ada pun berarti keadaan di mana  mengisi ke’ada’an tersebut. Melalui kisah sengasara, wafat dan kebangkitanNya, Kristus menunjukan bahwa cinta adalah satu-satunya hal yang dapat menjaga kehidupan tetap layak untuk dihidupi.

Apa yang terjadi dalam kisah sengsara?
Via dolorosa (kisah sengsara) merupakan suatu ringkasan dari bukti cinta Yang Ilahi. Cerita ini adalah catatan sejarah yang sangat berharga bagi semua yang bernafas karena di sinilah sebuah konsep kehidupan diingatkan, dijelaskan dan dibuktikan dengan seluruh jiwa dan raga. Minggu daun-daun adalah cerminan gemerlap dan sorak-sorai manusia, Kristus sebagai raja yang disoraki karena kerinduan akan kebebasan, kehausan akan pembebasan. Kamis putih adalah bukti pelayanan seorang raja kepada rakyaktnya, pengajaran seorang guru yang diturunkan kepada para muridnya. Jumat agung ialah tanda nyata bahwa ia berkorban untuk dosa yang tak Ia perbuat, bahwa seluruhnya Ia berikan kepada semua cibtaan. Dan sampailah pada cahaya, paskah adalah moment kemenangan. Alleluia adalah sorakan kebangkitan, tanda bahwa kematian bukanlah akhir. Kristus menang akan alam maut, bahwa sejatinya akan selalu ada cahaya setelah kematian, bahwa semua insan punya harapan akan kehidupan setelah kematian.

Mengapa kisah sengsara penting?
Setapak adalah tanda adanya harapan, seribu dimulai dari satu. Kristus mengajarkan proses, setiap detailnya penting. Kisah sengsara menunjukan bahwa Ia benar-benar manusia yang berdarah, adalah Allah yang Maha Kuasa. Ia sakit, takut, mati seperti layaknya mahkluk fana, namun Ia bertahan, terus berjalan dan bangkit. Dalam via dolorosa kita menemukan puncak penyerahan diri, titik nadir dari rencana keselamatan Allah. Kita sampai pada kesimpulan bahwa, Ia adalah Yang Kuasa yang datang untuk menyelamatkan melalui proses sakit yang luar biasa, melalui kegelapan yang mencekam menuju terang yang menyelamatkan. Kisah sengsara adalah bukti harapan menjadi nyata dalam Kristus. Manusia yang fana itu, Anak Allah itu, Kristus datang membawa cinta dalam harapan akan cahaya.

Apa yang Kristus ajarkan?
Satu hal yang membuat kehidupan ini masih layak untuk dihidupi adalah karena cinta. Cinta, itulah hukum baru yang ingin Kristus ingatkan, jelaskan dan buktikan dalam seluruh perjalanan karya keselamatanNya. Tapi cinta itu apa? Cinta Kristus itu seperti apa? Kehidupan sejatinya berjalan ke atas, memiliki cita-cita yang ingin dituju, namun Kristus memberikan contoh yang berbeda. Cita-citanya menjadi pelayan, hamba bagi orang lain (peristiwa pembasuhan kaki pada malam kamis putih). Cinta, bukti paling nyata dari cinta adalah melayani, kurang lebih seperti itu yang Kristus ingin tekankan, ingatkan dan ajarkan. Bayangkan seseorang sedang bersama pasangannya (dalam konteks masyarakat modern), praktisnya seseorang akan melakukan apapun untuk pasangannya, jika itu benar-benar cinta. Mengantar, menjemput, mentraktir, mengajak jalan, menjenguk jika sakit dan masih banyak lain contoh tindakan yag dilakukan saat seseorang mencintai seseorang. Sadar atau tidak kita melayani pasangan kita, itu adalah bukti cinta yang paling nyata yang bisa dan selalu kita lakukan. Itulah cinta, pelayanan yang telah ribuan tahun lalu Kristus ajarkan dan masih tetap relevan hingga kini. Cinta adalah melayani.

Ia yang telah wafat untuk keselamatan semua insan. Ia yang telah memberikan segalanya kepada seluruh cibtaan. Ia yang telah hidup, ada dalam kehidupan pun membuat ke’ada’an itu berarti dalam cintaNya yang sungguh sepurna. Agape, cinta yang tak berhingga adalah warisan, ajaran dan cara hidup yang Ia lepaskan untuk terus hidup dan dihidupi di bumi. Seluruh cibtaan seharusnya bertanggung jawab akan darahnya, pengorbanannya dan cintannya. Seluruh cibtaan punya tanggung jawab untuk melanjutkan cita-citanya, mencintai sesama cibtaan melalui melayani. Via dolorosa adalah perjalanan kehidupan yang mengajak semua cibtaan untuk sedikit beristirahat akan dunia, melihat apa yang telah dibuat dan bagaimana seharusnya hal-hal terjadi dalam kehidupan.  Marilah membuat Ia pantas menderita untuk semua cibtaan, marilah membuat dunia ini pantas untuk tetap dihidupi, marilah mencinta dengan melayani.








GRATEFUL FOR CARRYING EDUCATION

Becoming a grateful person is the part which I mostly concern about. I am Didimus Estanto Turuk, one of a thousand people who love to share with others. I was educated in the Seminary Junior High School and Senior High School. There was an important part of my life which all my sense of carrying others was built. The catholic system made myself realize  that the most valuable thing in this life is being valuable for others. From that moment on, I keep struggling myself to help people as best as I can. Like I said before, being grateful is the core of my life, and carrying people is the reality of being grateful.
Parents is the creature that I love the most. A chance to live is a very big deal that they cooperate with God for making me alive. I really thank for the grace of this breath. They are such a simple and strict parent which I give all my respect. I honor them very much. My father is a private employee in a private company. He came from a poor family in an isolated area in East Nusa Tenggara. He is a D1 graduate in civil engineering by his own struggle. He love to farm, especially coffee, because coffee is the best commodity in my district. Then, my mom is a humble and passionate old woman. She came from such a middle class family. Her father is a simple civil servant and her mother is a housekeeper. My mother graduated from nurse school when the age of 19 and then work on that passion until now. She is not so emotional person but quite clever to arguing something, give me some best advice to step forward. I am so glad for having them as my incredible parent.
Education is a media to reveal the social class, the tool to upgrade the pride in the eye of society. I believe that education is more than just that thing. Education is a media for making human become humanist. I am sure that education is not just about learn something, but there is a lot of its friend that we need to explore, unless I try to fulfil that thing. I came from a common family which come with that idea of ‘belajar’. My fist school is a kindergarten in St. Maria Fatima Kindergarten, then St. Maria Ruteng III elementary school, after that I join seminary. The next level of senior and high school I spent in Seminary Pius XII Kisol. Right after high school, I once joined the first step to study philosophy to become a priest, but I decided to run out because I had no passion there. Today, I am here, at Sanata Dharma University, try to continue what my people said about ‘belajar’. Education is not just a tool, it is the ‘belajar’ its self. From all the school I have passed, I understand that education is home for being humanism or just say human. There is a theory that we are an animal as a body structure, but with a little conscience. The part of this conscience is the one that we/ I want to keep exist. Keep being human, that the most important part of education, I believe.
Despite the fact that I really concern about ‘belajar’ and education, I try to keep it alive. I’d love to bring it in my real live. Therefore, I starting to join some community that keeping people to learn. I join Lembaga Katolik Mahasiswa (Yogyakarta),  Perhimpunan Mahasiswa Katolik Republik Indonesi (PMKRI), SanPio (a local movement concern about my district based on our seminary). When I went one-step ahead after my high school, I came to an idea that ‘belajar’ is about sharing what you know, have and experience. The concept, idea, argument or whatever the form will not going anywhere if you do not share it to others, at least let people know. From that idea, I started to seek some organization or just group which can support that idea. Fortunately, I sat in the good place for it. In that group and organization I can share what the idea that people deserve to know, express my concern about others and criticize what I think was not right. Besides joining those kind of organization, I do also love to write. I am sure that writing something is a good way to arrange our brain, passion, and sense of carrying. Mostly my writing are about romantics, but there are also essays about society, multiculturalism, education and other critics about what is going on in my beloved country. Writing is also a tool to share what my brain think about, the idea and some good concepts.
Carrying others, society and country is not just a duty, it is a responsibility. It is an idea of human who humanist. I bring it in my soul or I am trying to be the man like that. That’s why I am good enough for this scholarship. I am sure that ‘belajar’, that we all sure that is important will affect much more to the knowledge, capability and humanity for a person. The best and the appropriate learning process is also affect the result of the quality of the student and in the same time affect the way and the material which that student will share. I believe that educate people is a responsibility for those who educated. I hope by this scholarship, I can maximize the quality of my ‘belajar’. By accepting this scholarship, I can give more for those who need it. By the tittle of educated people, I think that’s my honor to share this treasure of being humanism to others. By the concerns of educate, sharing and carrying people, I think I deserve for this scholarship. This scholarship is also I think a media by people who concern about educating, sharing and carrying other people. This scholarship is also a tool for making human to be humanist, just like what I have believed along this journey.
Becoming a grateful person, back to the first idea that I express in this essay. I am very grateful for being in this level now. It is an honor to bring my idea of sharing idea, educating people and carrying others up to this stage. It is not because this scholarship I become carrying people, but this scholarship is such a fascinating news that there are people out there still have a same concern with me. There will also  a big grateful if I am accepted as one of a lucky and deserved people for this chance. There is always a dawn after a dark night, there is always a hope for the better world. Thank you very much for allowing me up to this level and hopefully this  good relation will keep stay good.

Name: Didimus Estanto T.
University: Sanata Dharma University
Phone: 082137548521







Cordoba, the Real City of Light

By: Didimus Estanto T.

(Dimuat di Majalah Aquinas edisi Februari 2016)

Cordoba also called Cordova  is a city in Andalusia, southern Spain, and the capital of the province of Cordoba. It was conquered by invading Islamic armies in the 8th century, and then became the capital of the Islamic Emirate and then Caliphate of Cordoba, including most of the Iberian Peninsula. Cordoba was the city of knowledge and tolerance in the 10th century. Located on the Europe which very dominant with Christianity, Cordoba exist with bright and honor. It brought the new knowledge and concept  about how human race supposed to live. They gave an example to gather together as a different person, religion, and ideology. This purpose influence the way this city is found, built and kept.
Cordoba was founded by the Romans in the 2nd century BC near the preexisting Tartesic Corduba, capital of Baetica, Cordoba acquired great importance during the period of Emperor Augustus. It became the capital of the emirate depending on Damascus in the 8th century. In 929, Abderraman III established it as the headquarters of the independent Caliphate. Cordoba’s period of greatest glory began in the 8th century after the Moorish conquest, when some 300 mosques and innumerable palaces and public buildings were built to rival the splendors of Constantinople, Damascus and Baghdad. In the 13th century, under Ferdinand III, Cordoba’s Great Mosque was turned into a cathedral and new defensive structures, particularly the Alcazar de los Reyes Cristianos and the Torre Foraleza de la Calahorra, were erected.
In the 10th and 11th centuries, Cordoba was one of the most advanced cities in the world as well as a great cultural, political, financial and economic center. Cordoba was the most populous city in the world and under the rule of Caliph Al Hakam II, it had also become a center for education under its Islamic rulers. Al Hakam II opened many libraries in addition to the many medical schools and universities which existed at this time. During these centuries, Cordoba became a predominantly Muslim society with minorities living in a restricted second-class status. Even though they was restricted, they keep honor and respect the other. Caliph Al Hakam II was a really humble man with a great concept of tolerance. He accept every ideology and new concept which build the city into the better place to learn and stay. By applying this tolerance and open minded concept, they were the only one who can go pass the renaissance era with a sparkling civilization.
The most iconic building in Cordoba is The Great Mosque of Cordoba. This is the representation of the tolerance and respectfulness of the diversity of human race. In that time, the issue of Christianity is surely big. The proverb “extra ecclesiam nulla salus” which means there is no salvation outside Church is really influence almost all people in Europe. Therefore, it is really hard for Cordoba to build their civilization of Islamic tolerance. This mosque is erected in 8th century and in the same time when it is built, the Saint Vincent Church is also built. This means they also consider about others religion, others believes. Unfortunately, during the Spanish invasions, Cordoba was captured by King Ferdinand III of Castile on 29 June 1236 and the great mosque of Cordoba was redecorate into a cathedral. Nowadays, the mosque/ cathedral has turned into a museum and no religious activity is allowed and become the main symbol of Cordoba.
To sum up, Cordoba is a real proof of a good society. Cordoba proves that tolerance and respectfulness is a best way to bind the gap of diversity. By applying the good concept, human race can be a sparkling as the stars’ bright on that civilization. Even thought people cannot see what they have done in the past but the past, people can see the proof of the Great Mosque of Cordoba. The great artificial memories of tolerance. They also shown the power of the minor people who live in the different way also can give a precious thing for the world. By inspiring other people with their concept tolerance, Cordoba deserve for the tittle the real city of light.